Frontiers in Medicine

• • Review Article Transplantable Tissue — Immune and Genome Engineering J. Elisseeff, S.F. Badylak, and J.D. Boeke

    Dramatic advancements in the use of synthetic and mechanical devices to replace tissues have been made, but restoring tissue and organ structure and function remains challenging. This review discusses the origins, innovations, and future of regenerative medicine and transplantation, which are closely intertwined.

    Dec 23
• • Review Article Genome Sequencing in Cancer J. Nangalia and P.J. Campbell

    Breakthroughs in gene-sequencing methods and bioinformatics have ushered in a new era in cancer diagnosis and management. Powerful analytic tools are beginning to improve cancer nosology and facilitate the discovery of genetic defects in tumor cells that can be exploited for treatment and the monitoring of disease regression and progression. This article is accompanied by an explanatory video, an illustrated glossary, and an audio interview with the author.

    Nov 28
  • Review Article Mobile Devices and Health I. Sim

    Mobile health involves sensors, mobile apps, social media, and location-tracking technology used in disease diagnosis, prevention, and management. This article provides an overview of key functional and regulatory aspects; the article is accompanied by an explanatory video, an illustrated glossary, and an audio interview with the author.

    Sep 05

More Articles from the Frontiers in Medicine Series

• Review Article Aug 01, 2019 Gene Therapy Gathers Momentum
  K.A. High and M.G. Roncarolo N Engl J Med 2019; 381:455-464

  Those who have followed the gene-therapy field over the decades may be weary of forward-looking positive statements. However, over the past 3 years, six gene-therapy products have been approved for clinical use. This article describes challenges, risks, and advances in gene-therapy clinical research.

• Review Article Jul 04, 2019 Uncharted Regions of the Human Genome
  E.E. Eichler N Engl J Med 2019; 381:64-74

  The genome is not akin to a string of fixed length. Many large segments of DNA may be present or absent — a major contributor to pathogenic genomic variation. New technologies in DNA sequencing are helping to uncover this type of variation, which often cannot be detected by standard DNA sequencing.

• Review Article Jun 06, 2019 Cancer Stem Cells
  M.F. Clarke N Engl J Med 2019; 380:2237-2245

  Cancers arise in tissues that can replicate and self-renew. Like normal tissues, cancers can replenish themselves, grow, and metastasize because of stem cells that are similar to normal stem cells but seem to respond less well to environmental stop signals in their niche. Therapy that targets cancer stem cells may be the next avenue of cancer treatment.

• Review Article May 02, 2019 Stem-Cell Research and Clinical Application
  H.M. Blau and G.Q. Daley N Engl J Med 2019; 380:1748-1760

  Stem cells have been the focus of hope, hype, and a great deal of research. But what exactly is a stem cell, and what are its uses? This review describes the different types of stem cells, their applications, and hurdles in the path leading to major clinical influence. The article is accompanied by a slide show, an illustrated glossary, and an audio interview with one of the authors.

• Review Article Apr 04, 2019 Machine Learning in Medicine
  A. Rajkomar, J. Dean, and I. Kohane N Engl J Med 2019; 380:1347-1358

  In this view of the future of medicine, patient–provider interactions are informed and supported by massive amounts of data from interactions with similar patients. These data are collected and curated to provide the latest evidence-based assessment and recommendations.

  Correspondence Machine Learning in Medicine

• Review Article Mar 07, 2019 Clinical Genome Editing
  M.H. Porteus N Engl J Med 2019; 380:947-959

  Therapeutic editing of the human genome has long been a holy grail of genetic medicine. Different approaches are founded on a bedrock of basic laboratory discovery. This article describes the history, applications, and limitations of genome editing for clinical application.

• Review Article Feb 07, 2019 Organoids — Preclinical Models of Disease
  M. Li and J.C. Izpisua Belmonte N Engl J Med 2019; 380:569-579

  An organoid is a three-dimensional construct composed of multiple cell types that originates from stem cells through self-organization and can simulate the architecture and functionality of native organs. This article reviews the common platforms of organoid technology and its application.

• Review Article Jan 03, 2019 Oligonucleotides in Drug Development
  A.A. Levin N Engl J Med 2019; 380:57-70

  As research on the structure and function of RNAs has rapidly expanded, so too has the number of oligonucleotide drugs in clinical development that regulate RNA. This article describes several examples and suggests where the field is headed.

• Review Article Dec 06, 2018 The Brain Connectome and New Methods of Lesion Analysis
  M.D. Fox N Engl J Med 2018; 379:2237-2245

  Complex neurologic and psychiatric syndromes cannot be understood on the basis of focal brain lesions. Functional neuroimaging, maps of interrelated regions called the connectome, and the combination of lesion analysis with networks of the connectome offer a new way to understand neurologic function and disease. View a video overview and an interview with the author.

• Review Article Nov 01, 2018 Emerging Roles of Cell-free Tumor DNA in Oncology
  R.B. Corcoran and B.A. Chabner N Engl J Med 2018; 379:1754-1765

  The capacity to detect new cancers, treatment-resistant variants, and tumor heterogeneity by noninvasive technology on the basis of tumor DNA in the blood promises to revolutionize cancer detection, prevention, and treatment.

  Correspondence Cell-free DNA Analysis in Cancer

• Review Article Oct 04, 2018 Clinical Next-Generation Sequencing — A Wild Frontier
  D.R. Adams and C.M. Eng N Engl J Med 2018; 379:1353-1362

  The technologies and chemistries underlying next-generation sequencing of DNA are evolving rapidly. This review describes the three main approaches to obtaining a genetic diagnosis through next-generation sequencing, their advantages, and their limitations.

• Review Article Sep 06, 2018 Extracellular Vesicles
  R. Shah, T. Patel, and J.E. Freedman N Engl J Med 2018; 379:958-966

  Circulating extracellular vesicles, which are produced by normal and diseased tissues and released into body fluids, can be markers of disease processes and perhaps even tools to deliver new therapies.

• Review Article Aug 02, 2018 Assay of Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Pregnancy
  D.W. Bianchi and R.W.K. Chiu N Engl J Med 2018; 379:464-473

  Advances in DNA sequencing have facilitated a change in the method used to screen for fetal chromosome trisomies. This review describes the basis and development of the method.

• Review Article Jul 05, 2018 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
  C.H. June and M. Sadelain N Engl J Med 2018; 379:64-73

  This review addresses T-cell engineering and synthetic immunity, with a focus on producing durable remissions in patients with treatment-refractory tumors. Toxic effects of chimeric antigen receptor therapies include cytokine release syndrome and neurologic dysfunction.

• Editorial Jul 05, 2018 A Look Forward
  L. Caulley and Others N Engl J Med 2018; 379:85-86

  Frontiers in Medicine is a series of review articles that showcases the ways in which new technologies are influencing contemporary medicine and highlights the synergistic relationship between medicine and science. As we embark on a look at the future at the interface of medical science and medical practice, we will endeavor to communicate the breadth of medical progress and to explore promising directions for future health care.